Marpa Lotsawa

Marpa Lotsawa (1012–1097) was a Tibetan Buddhist translator and the founder of the Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. (Note: This is a separate entry from any existing Marpa content, providing additional biographical details.)

Background

Born in the Lhodrak region of southern Tibet, Marpa made three dangerous journeys to India to study under the mahasiddha Naropa. He brought back numerous tantric texts and practices, translating them into Tibetan. He was a farmer and householder, unusual for a great Buddhist teacher.

Spiritual Contribution

Marpa received the Six Yogas of Naropa and the Mahamudra teachings from Naropa and transmitted them to Tibet. He also received teachings from the Indian mahasiddha Maitripa. His translation work made many important Indian tantric texts available in Tibetan for the first time. His student Milarepa became one of Tibet’s greatest yogis.

Legacy and Impact

The Kagyu lineage he established became one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Six Yogas of Naropa (including tummo, inner heat meditation) became the most widely practiced tantric completion-stage system in Tibetan Buddhism.

Verification Notes

• 1012–1097
• Translator and founder of the Kagyu lineage
• See also marpa.md for additional details