Uraiyur

Uraiyur (Uraiyur) is an ancient Chola capital in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India.

Overview

Uraiyur was the first capital of the Early Cholas before the rise of Thanjavur. The site is mentioned in Sangam literature and classical Tamil texts as an important political and commercial center in ancient Tamil Nadu.

Historical Context

Uraiyur served as the Chola capital from the early historic period until Karikala Chola moved the capital to Kaveripattinam (Puhar). The city is mentioned in the Silappadikaram and other Tamil classics. The site has yielded coins, pottery, and other artifacts from the Sangam period.

Features/Significance

Archaeological evidence suggests Uraiyur was a well-fortified city with evidence of urban planning. The site is important for understanding the early Chola dynasty before their rise to imperial power under Rajaraja Chola I.

Modern Status

Uraiyur is now a suburb of Tiruchirappalli. Limited archaeological work has been conducted, but the site’s historical importance is recognized.

Verification Notes

• Located in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu, India
• First capital of the Early Chola dynasty
• Mentioned in Sangam literature