Tungabhadra River

Tungabhadra River (तुङ्गभद्रा नदी) is a sacred river in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

Overview

The Tungabhadra is formed by the confluence of the Tunga and Bhadra rivers at Koodli in Shimoga district, Karnataka. It flows through the Deccan Plateau and is closely associated with the Vijayanagara Empire, whose capital Hampi sits on its banks.

History and Legend

The Tungabhadra is mentioned in the Puranas and is considered sacred in the Vijayanagara tradition. The river was the lifeblood of the Vijayanagara Empire, and its banks are studded with temples and monuments. The Tungabhadra Pushkaralu is celebrated every 12 years.

Architecture and Features

Major sites along the Tungabhadra include Hampi (Vijayanagara ruins), Mantralayam (Raghavendra Swamy Mutt), and Hosapete. The river flows through a dramatic rocky landscape at Hampi. The Tungabhadra Dam at Hosapete is a major irrigation project.

Modern Status

The Tungabhadra is a major source of irrigation for Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The Tungabhadra Dam provides water to the Raichur and Kurnool districts. The river faces seasonal flow variations and pollution challenges.

Verification Notes

• Tungabhadra mentioned in Vijayanagara chronicles; Hampi and Mantralayam documented.
• Audited against Wikipedia (September 2026).