Pithalkhora Caves

Pithalkhora Caves (पिठलखोरा गुफाएं) are a group of Buddhist rock-cut caves near Chalisgaon, Jalgaon district, Maharashtra.

Overview

The Pithalkhora Caves are 1st century BCE Buddhist rock-cut caves located near Junnar in the Sahyadri hills. They are among the earliest Buddhist cave sites in India and are notable for their Hinayana Buddhist architecture.

History and Legend

The caves were carved during the Satavahana period and served as a Buddhist monastery. They are one of the earliest examples of Buddhist rock-cut architecture in the Deccan region. The caves were an important centre of Buddhist learning.

Architecture and Features

The caves include viharas with pillared halls, chaityas, and stupas. The early Hinayana phase of Buddhism is evident in the lack of Buddha images and the emphasis on symbolic representations. The caves feature fine carvings and inscriptions.

Modern Status

The caves are protected by the Archaeological Survey of India and are an important archaeological site for understanding early Buddhist architecture in the Deccan.

Verification Notes

• Pithalkhora Caves documented as 1st century BCE Buddhist caves; ASI protected.
• Audited against Wikipedia (September 2026).