Parikrama
Parikrama (परिक्रमा) is the ritual circumambulation of a sacred site, temple, or pilgrimage center. It is one of the most common devotional practices in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, and is performed as an act of reverence and worship.
Overview
Parikrama literally means “going around” and is described in the Puranas and other texts as a powerful devotional practice. The circumambulation is performed in a clockwise direction (with the sacred site on the practitioner’s right), symbolizing the cosmic order and the path of dharma. The practice is observed at temples, pilgrimage centers, sacred rivers, mountains, and other holy sites. The number of rounds varies by tradition (typically 1, 3, or 108) and the specific site.
Method
The practitioner begins at the entrance of the sacred site and circumambulates in a clockwise direction, keeping the site on the right side. The practitioner walks at a moderate pace, maintaining awareness of the divine presence and chanting mantras or prayers. At certain points, the practitioner may stop to offer prayers, prostrate, or perform other acts of devotion. The practice is typically performed barefoot as a sign of respect. After completing the prescribed number of rounds, the practitioner offers prayers at the main shrine.
Benefits and Purpose
Traditional texts claim Parikrama:
- Purifies the mind and body
- Accumulates spiritual merit (punya)
- Invokes the blessings of the deity
- Is a powerful devotional practice
- Symbolizes the cosmic order and the path of dharma
Verification Notes
- Parikrama is described in the Puranas and various pilgrimage texts.
- Major parikrama routes include the 108 Divya Desams, the Chardham, and the 12 Jyotirlingas.
- Audited against Wikipedia (September 2026).