Kaveripattinam

Kaveripattinam (Kaveripattanam, Puhar) is an ancient Chola port city in Tamil Nadu, India.

Overview

Kaveripattinam was one of the most important port cities of the ancient Chola dynasty and a major center of trade with Rome, Southeast Asia, and China. The city is mentioned extensively in Sangam literature and classical Tamil texts as a thriving commercial hub.

Historical Context

Kaveripattinam served as the Chola capital before the rise of Thanjavur. The city was a major port on the Bay of Bengal and traded extensively with the Roman Empire, as evidenced by Roman coins found at the site. The Agananooru and Purananoru, Tamil Sangam texts, describe the city’s prosperity and cultural life.

Features/Significance

Archaeological excavations have revealed a planned city with streets, drains, warehouses, and a fortification wall. Roman artifacts, including coins and pottery, confirm international trade connections. The site provides crucial evidence for understanding ancient Tamil urban culture and maritime trade.

Modern Status

The site is protected by the Archaeological Survey of India and the Tamil Nadu State Archaeology Department. Excavations continue to reveal new aspects of the ancient city’s layout and trade connections.

Verification Notes

• Located in Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu, India
• Identified with the ancient Puhar of Sangam literature
• Roman artifacts confirm trade connections