Arunachala

Arunachala (अरुणाचल) is a sacred mountain in Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu.

Overview

Arunachala is a sacred hill in Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, considered the manifestation of Lord Shiva as fire. The hill is the centre of one of South India’s most important Shaiva pilgrimage sites, and the circumambulation (Girivalam) of the hill is one of Hinduism’s most popular rituals.

History and Legend

According to the Shiva Purana, Shiva appeared as a column of fire (Jyotirlinga) on Arunachala to settle a dispute between Brahma and Vishnu. The Annamalaiyar Temple at the base of the hill is one of the Pancha Bhuta Sthalas representing the element of fire. The hill is sacred in Tamil Shaiva Siddhanta and in the teachings of Ramana Maharshi.

Architecture and Features

Arunachala rises 800 metres above the surrounding plains. The Girivalam path around the hill is 14 km long and is walked by millions of pilgrims, especially on full moon days. The Annamalaiyar Temple at the base has a towering gopuram and extensive mandapas. Ramana Maharshi’s ashram (Sri Ramanasramam) is at the foot of the hill.

Modern Status

Arunachala is one of Tamil Nadu’s most visited pilgrimage sites. The Girivalam is performed by lakhs of devotees monthly. The town of Tiruvannamalai has grown significantly around the temple and ashram.

Verification Notes

• Arunachala mentioned in Shiva Purana; Girivalam and Annamalaiyar Temple documented.
• Audited against Wikipedia (September 2026).